| [1] |
Peng BG.Pathophysiology，diagnosis，and treatment of discogenic low back pain[J]．World J Orthop，2013，4(2):42-52.
|
| [2] |
Moneta GB, Videman T, Kaivanto K，et al.Reported pain during lumbar discography as a function of anular ruptures and disc degeneration.A re-analysis of 833 discograms[J]．Spine (Phila Pa 1976)，1994，19(17):1968-1974.
|
| [3] |
Kloth DS, Fenton DS, Andersson GB，et al.Intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET) for the treatment of discogenic low back pain：patient selection and indications for use[J]．Pain Physician，2008，11(5):659-668.
|
| [4] |
Peng B, Hao J, Hou S, et al. Possible pathogenesis of painful intervertebral disc degeneration[J]．Spine (Phila Pa 1976)，2006，31(5):560-566.
|
| [5] |
Freemont AJ, Peacock TE, Goupille P，et al.Nerve ingrowth into diseased intervertebral disc in chronic back pain[J]．Lancet，1997，350(9072):178-181.
|
| [6] |
Centerville OH, Niagara WI, Spine A, et al. An update of the systematic appraisal of the accuracy and utility of discography in chronic spinal pain[J]．Pain Physician，2018，21(2):91-110.
|
| [7] |
Andersson GB, Mekhail NA, Block JE.Treatment of intractable discogenic low back pain：a systematic review of spinal fusion and intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET)[J]．Pain Physician，2006，9(3):237-248.
|
| [8] |
Archavlis E, Carvi y Nievas M．Comparison of minimally invasive fusion and instrumentation versus open surgery for severe stenotic spondylolisthesis with high-grade facet joint osteoarthritis[J]．Eur Spine J，2013，22(8):1731-1740.
|
| [9] |
Bono CM, Harris MB, Warholic N, et al. Pain intensity and patients acceptance of surgical complication risks with lumbar fusion[J]．Spine (Phila Pa 1976)，2013，38(2):140-147.
|
| [10] |
Kjeldsen HB, Klausen TW, Rosenberg J．Preferred presentation of the visual analog scale for measurement of postoperative pain[J]．Pain Practice，2016，16(8):980-984.
|
| [11] |
Fairbank JC.Oswestry disability index[J]．J Neurosurg Spine，2014，20(2):239-241.
|
| [12] |
Macnab I．Negative disc exploration. An analysis of the causes of nerve-root involvement in sixty-eight patients[J]．J Bone Joint Surg Am，1971，53(5):891-903.
|
| [13] |
潘祥林，王涓冬，赵华．临床诊断思维[J/CD]．中华诊断学电子杂志，2015，3(2):84-85.
|
| [14] |
Aprill C, Bogduk N．High-intensity zone：a diagnostic sign of painful lumbar disc on magnetic resonance imaging[J]．Br J Radiol，1992，65(773):361-369.
|
| [15] |
Carragee EJ, Paragioudakis SJ, Khurana S. 2000 Volvo Award winner in clinical studies：lumbar high-intensity zone and discography in subjects without low back problems[J]．Spine (Phila Pa 1976)，2000，25(23):2987-2992.
|
| [16] |
Kluner C, Kivelitz D, Rogalla P，et al.Percutaneous discography：comparison of low-dose CT，fluoroscopy and MRI in the diagnosis of lumbar disc disruption[J]．Eur Spine J，2006，15(5):620-626.
|
| [17] |
Margetic P, Pavic R, Stancic MF.Provocative discography screening improves surgical outcome[J]．Wien Klin Wochenschr，2013，125(19/20):600-610.
|
| [18] |
Gill K, Blumenthal SL. Functional results after anterior lumbar fusion at L5-S1 in patients with normal and abnormal MRI scans[J]．Spine (Phila Pa 1976)，1992，17(8):940-942.
|
| [19] |
Fritzell P, Hägg O, Wessberg P, et al. Lumbar fusion versus nonsurgical treatment for chronic low back pain：a multicenter randomized controlled trial from the Swedish Lumbar Spine Study Group[J]．Spine (Phila Pa 1976)，2001，26(23):2521-2532.
|
| [20] |
Ohtori S, Koshi T, Yamashita M，et al.Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of selected patients with discogenic low back pain：a small-sized randomized trial[J]．Spine (Phila Pa 1976)，2011，36(5):347-354.
|
| [21] |
Bogduk N, Aprill C, Derby R．Lumbar discogenic pain：state-of-the-art review[J]．Pain Med，2013，14(6):813-836.
|
| [22] |
Ilhan S, Ozturk I．The effect of intradiscal electrothermal therapy on quality of life and satisfaction of patients with discogenic low back pain[J]．Eurasian J Med，2017，1(2):101-105.
|
| [23] |
Desai MJ, Kapural L, Petersohn JD，et al.Twelve-month follow-up of a randomized clinical trial comparing intradiscal biacuplasty to conventional medical management for discogenic lumbar back pain[J]．Pain Med，2017，18(4):751-763.
|
| [24] |
Liliang PC, Lu K, Liang CL，et al.Nucleoplasty for treating lumbar disk degenerative low back pain：an outcome prediction analysis[J]．J Pain Res，2016(9):893-898.
|
| [25] |
Cheng J, Zheng W, Wang H, et al. Posterolateral transforaminal selective endoscopic diskectomy with thermal annuloplasty for discogenic low back pain：a prospective observational study[J]．Spine (Phila Pa 1976)，2014(39):60-65.
|
| [26] |
Pan F, Shen B, Chy SK，et al.Transforaminal endoscopic system technique for discogenic low back pain：a prospective cohort study[J]．Int J Surg，2016(35):134-138.
|
| [27] |
Pan Z, Ha Y, Yi S，et al.Efficacy of transforaminal endoscopic spine system (TESSYS) technique in treating lumbar disc herniation[J]．Med Sci Monit，2016(22):530-539.
|
| [28] |
Liu KC, Yang SK, Ou BR.Using percutaneous endoscopic outside-in technique to treat selected patients with refractory discogenic low back pain[J]．Pain Physician，2019，22(2):187-198.
|