高原环境最大特点是低氧低压、寒冷干燥、紫外线强、海拔落差大、气候多变、基础设施薄弱以及卫生资源短缺。人员进入高原后，机体在生理和心理方面均会产生一系列改变，对人员驻训、伤病康复产生不利影响。当前，我国主要高原地区面临着边境争端、分裂势力斗争以及地质灾害风险等重大问题，因此，高原伤病对我军战斗力生成和后勤保障构成严峻考验，开展高原环境下的伤病救治研究具有重要军事战略价值。笔者主要对高原环境下伤病诊治的现状与面对的挑战进行概述。

The most important characteristics of high altitude environment are low oxygen and pressure, cold and dry, strong ultraviolet rays, large altitude differences, changing climate, weak infrastructure and shortage of health resources. After ascending rapidly into high altitude region, there will be a series of changes in the physical and psychological aspects of the body, which will adversely affect the personnel training and injury rehabilitation. The main high altitude areas in China are facing major issues such as border disputes, struggles between separatist forces, and geological disasters. Therefore, altitude injuries pose a severe test to the generation of our combat effectiveness and logistics support, and research on the treatment of injuries and diseases in altitude environment is becoming increasingly important. This article mainly summarizes the current status and challenges of injury diagnosis and treatment in high altitude environment.