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中华诊断学电子杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (04) : 278 -281. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-655X.2021.04.014

综述

组织蛋白酶B在心血管疾病中的研究进展
周瑜1, 闫波2,()   
  1. 1. 272013 济宁医学院临床医学院
    2. 272029 济宁医学院附属医院山东省心脏疾病诊疗重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-27 出版日期:2021-11-26
  • 通信作者: 闫波
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81870279)

Research progress of cathepsin B in cardiovascular diseases

Yu Zhou1, Bo Yan2,()   

  1. 1. Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining 272013, China
    2. Shandong Provincial Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, China
  • Received:2021-04-27 Published:2021-11-26
  • Corresponding author: Bo Yan
引用本文:

周瑜, 闫波. 组织蛋白酶B在心血管疾病中的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华诊断学电子杂志, 2021, 09(04): 278-281.

Yu Zhou, Bo Yan. Research progress of cathepsin B in cardiovascular diseases[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Diagnostics(Electronic Edition), 2021, 09(04): 278-281.

既往研究显示,组织蛋白酶是一类存在于细胞内小体或溶酶体中介导蛋白质降解的蛋白水解酶。近年来大量研究发现,组织蛋白酶也存在于细胞核、胞浆、质膜及细胞外环境中,介导细胞外基质蛋白的降解、信号传导,以及细胞器的蛋白质加工和运输等。组织蛋白酶B是细胞溶酶体内含量最丰富的组织蛋白酶之一,通常以无活性的酶原形式存在,具有内肽酶和二肽酶的双重作用,在蛋白质分解代谢中具有重要作用。临床研究和动物实验发现,组织蛋白酶B参与细胞外基质蛋白的降解、抗原的提呈、炎症小体的激活等病理生理过程,这些病理生理过程在心血管疾病(动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、腹主动脉瘤等)中发挥着直接或间接的作用。目前大量研究证实新型冠状病毒会优先攻击心脏组织,而组织蛋白酶B可以介导病毒膜和靶细胞膜融合,促使病毒进入宿主靶细胞,导致细胞损伤。笔者总结近年来组织蛋白酶B的功能及其在心血管疾病中的研究进展。

Previous studies have shown that cathepsins are proteolytic enzymes that mediate protein hydrolysis in endosomes or lysosomes. Recently, accumulating studies have revealed that cathepsins also exist in the nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, and extracellular matrixes to mediate extracellular matrix protein degradation, signal transduction, and organelle protein processing and transport. Cathepsin B (CTSB) is one of the most abundant cathepsins in lysosomes, usually exists in the form of inactivated proenzyme, and has dual roles of endopeptidase and dipeptidase, which plays an important role in protein catabolism. In recent years, human studies and animal experiments have demonstrated that CTSB involves in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as extracellular matrix protein degradation, antigen presentation, and inflammatory body activation. These processes have been directly or indirectly implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and abdominal aortic aneurysm. And now, a large number of studies have found that SARS-CoV-2 enters host target cells through CTSB mediated pathway and leads to cell damage.The purpose of this review is to summarize the biological function of CTSB and related recent progress in cardiovascular diseases.

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