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中华诊断学电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 111 -116. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-655X.2025.02.007

临床研究

双相情感障碍共病2型糖尿病患者糖代谢特点及影响因素分析
王桢桢1,2, 潘姝良1, 贾梦婷1, 张利3, 杨世昌2,4,()   
  1. 1. 475000 开封市第五人民医院精神科
    2. 453002 新乡医学院第二附属医院精神科
    3. 010010 呼和浩特,内蒙古自治区精神卫生中心精神科
    4. 453002 新乡医学院精神疾病中西医结合临床医学中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-21 出版日期:2025-05-26
  • 通信作者: 杨世昌
  • 基金资助:
    河南省专业学位研究生精品教学案例项目(YJS2023AL060)

Analysis of glycometabolic characteristics and influencing factors in patients with bipolar disorder comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Zhenzhen Wang1,2, Shuliang Pan1, Mengting Jia1, Li Zhang3, Shichang Yang2,4,()   

  1. 1. Department of Psychiatry, the Fifth People's Hospital of Kaifeng City, Kaifeng 475000,China
    2. Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453002, China
    3. Department of Psychiatry, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Mental Health Center,Hohhot 010010, China
    4. Psychosis Combination of Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine Clinical Center,Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453002, China
  • Received:2025-05-21 Published:2025-05-26
  • Corresponding author: Shichang Yang
引用本文:

王桢桢, 潘姝良, 贾梦婷, 张利, 杨世昌. 双相情感障碍共病2型糖尿病患者糖代谢特点及影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华诊断学电子杂志, 2025, 13(02): 111-116.

Zhenzhen Wang, Shuliang Pan, Mengting Jia, Li Zhang, Shichang Yang. Analysis of glycometabolic characteristics and influencing factors in patients with bipolar disorder comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Diagnostics(Electronic Edition), 2025, 13(02): 111-116.

目的

探讨双相情感障碍(BD)共病2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者糖代谢的特点以及影响因素。

方法

采用随机对照研究设计和方便抽样的方法,选取2024年1月至2025年2月就诊于开封市第五人民医院的BD共病T2DM住院患者50例为研究组,依据BD临床分型(BD-Ⅰ型、BD-Ⅱ型)将其分为共病Ⅰ组(n=24)和共病Ⅱ组(n=26)。收集同时期住院非共病患者作为对照组,分为非共病Ⅰ组(n=25)和非共病Ⅱ组(n=25)。统计各组人口学资料及一级亲属情感障碍或/和T2DM家族史,测量身高、体重、腰围(WC)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS),计算体重指数(BMI)、稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、腰高比(WHtR),测试蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)。采用卡方检验、t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验等比较共病组与非共病组统计指标的差异,采用Pearson相关和Spearman等级相关分析共病组与影响因素的相关性。

结果

共病组情感障碍家族史比例[22.00%(11/50)]、糖尿病家族史比例[26.00%(13/50)]、WC[(89.48±7.12)cm]、HOMA-IR(3.48±1.47)、WHtR(0.53±0.05)、FBG[(7.15±1.93)mmol/L]均高于非共病组[6.00%(3/50)、8.00%(4/50)、(85.26±8.16)cm、(2.59±1.12)、(0.51±0.05)、(5.46±0.57)mmol/L],均差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.316,5.741;t=2.755,3.383,2.217,5.943;均P<0.05)。共病组MoCA量表评分中视空间与执行功能[2(2,3)分]、注意[3.5(3,4)分]及总分[18(16,20)分]得分均低于非共病组[3(2,3)分、4.5(4,5)分、19(18,22)分],均差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.044,-4.105,-2.909;均P<0.05)。共病组中有无情感障碍或/和T2DM家族史在WC[(95.06±6.75)cm、(86.61±5.46)cm]、FBG[(8.19±2.29)mmol/L、(6.62±1.50)mmol/L]、WHtR[0.56(0.53,0.61)、0.51(0.49,0.54)]方面的差异有统计学意义(t=-4.782,-2.905,Z=-3.687;均P<0.05)。情感障碍家族聚集性与WC(r=0.423,P=0.002)、FBG(r=0.384,P=0.006)、WHtR(r=0.392,P=0.005)、HOMA-IR(r=0.385,P=0.006)呈正相关;糖尿病家族聚集性与BMI(r=0.316,P=0.025)、FBG(r=0.305,P=0.031)、WC(r=0.548,P=0.000)、WHtR(r=0.499,P=0.000)呈正相关;糖尿病家族史与情感障碍家族史(r=0.456,P=0.001)呈正相关。

结论

BD共病T2DM患者空腹血糖偏高、胰岛素抵抗及腹型肥胖更明显,认知功能也更差。共病者及其一级亲属应注重糖代谢指标及腰围的管理,有利于降低情感障碍和T2DM的发病风险。腰高比可作为重点监测指标。

Objective

To explore the characteristics of glucose metabolism and influencing factors in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

A randomized controlled study design and convenience sampling method were employed. A total of 50 hospitalized patients with BD comorbid with T2DM, who admitted to the Fifth People′s Hospital of Kaifeng from January 2024 to February 2025, were enrolled as the study group. Based on clinical subtypes of BD (BD-Ⅰ and BD-Ⅱ), they were further divided into comorbidity group Ⅰ (n=24) and comorbidity group Ⅱ (n=26).Concurrently, the inpatients hospitalized during the same period were recruited as the control group, subdivided into non-comorbidity group Ⅰ (n=25) and non-comorbidity group Ⅱ (n=25). Demographic data and family history of mood disorders and/or T2DM in first-degree relatives were collected. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), and then body mass index(BMI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and waist-to-height ratio(WHtR) were calculated. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA). Statistical comparisons between comorbidity and non-comorbidity groups were performed using chi-square tests, t-tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests. Pearson or Spearman correlation analyses were conducted to examine associations between comorbidities and influencing factors.

Results

The comorbidity group exhibited significantly higher proportions of family history of mood disorders [22.00%(11/50)] and diabetes [26.00%(13/50)], as well as elevated WC [(89.48±7.12)cm], HOMA-IR(3.48±1.47),WHtR(0.53±0.05), and FBG[(7.15±1.93)mmol/L] compared to the non-comorbidity group [6.00%(3/50), 8.00%(4/50), (85.26±8.16)cm, (2.59±1.12), (0.51±0.05), (5.46±0.57)mmol/L],with statistically significant differences (χ2=5.316, 5.741, t=2.755, 3.383, 2.217, 5.943, all P<0.05). The comorbidity group had significantly lower scores than the non-comorbidity group on the MoCA scale in visuospatial and executive function [2 (2, 3),3(2, 3)], attention [3.5(3, 4), 4.5(4, 5)],and total score [18(16, 20), 19(18, 22)], with all differences being statistically significant (Z=-2.044, -4.105, -2.909, all P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in other MoCA domains(P>0.05). Within the comorbidity group, significant differences in WC [(95.06±6.75)cm, (86.61±5.46)cm], FBG[(8.19±2.29)mmol/L, (6.62±1.50)mmol/L] and WHtR[0.56(0.53, 0.61), 0.51(0.49, 0.54)] were observed between patients with and without a family history of mood disorders and/or T2DM (t=-4.782, -2.905, Z=-3.687, all P<0.05). Correlation analysis in the comorbidity group revealed that family aggregation of mood disorders was positively associated with WC (r=0.423, P=0.002), FBG(r=0.384, P=0.006), WHtR(r=0.392, P=0.005), and HOMA-IR(r=0.385, P=0.006). Family aggregation of diabetes showed positive correlations with BMI(r=0.316, P=0.025), FBG(r=0.305, P=0.031), WC(r=0.548, P=0.000) and WHtR (r=0.499, P=0.000). A significant positive association was found between family histories of diabetes and mood disorders (r=0.456, P=0.001).

Conclusions

Patients with BD comorbid with T2DM demonstrate higher FBG, more pronounced insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, and worse cognitive function. First-degree relatives of comorbid patients should prioritize monitoring glucose metabolism and WC to mitigate the risk of mood disorders and T2DM. WHtR is recommended as a key monitoring indicator.

表1 BD与T2DM共病组与非共病组一般资料比较
表2 BD与T2DM共病组与非共病组MoCA量表评分比较[分,MQ1Q3)]
表3 BD各分型是否共病T2DM的家族聚集性比较[例(%)]
表4 BD与T2DM共病组家族史与糖代谢指标的比较
表5 BD与T2DM共病组家族聚集性与影响因素的相关性分析(r
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