To explore the diagnostic features of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL).

The clinical data of 1 case of T-LBL in Hematology Department of Taian City Central Hospital in January 12, 2019 was analyzed retrospectively, and relevant literatures were reviewed.

The child, a 12-year-old male, was admitted to the hospital for " neck lymph node enlargement for 1 week" . The child′s bilateral cervical lymph nodes were palpable and enlarged. 0.15 of primordial lymphocytes were detected in peripheral blood, lactate dehydrogenase 1 154 U/L, neuron-specific enolase 114.80 μg/L, the rest of the laboratory test results were normal. Color Doppler ultrasound of cervical and posterior sternal lymph nodes and magnetic resonance imaging showed that multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the bilateral neck and clavicle area, anterior mediastinal space occupying lesions. Lymph node immunohistochemistry showed that CD34(-), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)(+ ), CD10(+ ), CD3(+ ), CD5(+ ), CD20(-), B-cell specific activating protein (BSAP) (-), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) (+ ), C-MYC positive rate of proto-oncogene was 70.0%, positive rate of Ki-67>90.0%, T-LBL was pathologically diagnosed.

T-LBL is a rare type of highly aggressive lymphoma. According to pathology, cytogenetics, imaging examination combined with immunohistochemistry markers BSAP, TDT, CD34 and Ki-67 can make accurate diagnosis of the disease.