This consensus presents systematic guidelines for the standardized construction and management of gastrointestinal tumor biobanks, aiming to address the prominent issues of inconsistent sample quality and insufficient data traceability in current biobank practice. Given the high incidence of gastrointestinal tumors and the research on molecular mechanisms relying on high-quality biospecimens, this evidence-based consensus was developed by multidisciplinary experts, covering comprehensive standards for the entire process of sample collection, processing and storage. It defines differentiated processing strategies for surgical tissues, blood samples and other common biospecimens, and while clarifying collection timeframes, preservation conditions and data labeling requirements. Furthermore, it establishes a full-lifecycle management system covering sample information management, quality control, ethical compliance, and sample utilization/destruction protocols, with emphasis on the implementation of informed consent, data security protection, and compliance with genetic resource management regulations. This consensus provides normative guidance for standardized operation of gastrointestinal tumor biobanks, facilitates multicenter research collaboration and the clinical translation of precision medicine, and promotes the standardized development of tumor prevention and treatment research.

In 2007, Professor Yang Zhiyin creatively proposed the concept of " Behaviors Determine Health". Subsequently, through years of research and practice in collaboration with Chief Physician Yang Zhen of Fudan University, they developed several core tenets progressively, forming a fundamentally complete theoretical framework. This system represents not only a paradigm shift in behavioral medicine but also an enlightenment of values regarding health concepts. This paper transcends conventional medical interpretations by examining the theoretical framework through a multidimensional lens at the intersection of the science, the humanities, and the philosophy. Research indicates that the scientific core of " Behaviors Determine Health" lies in elevating behavior from a related factor to a determining factor in health. Its humanistic essence manifests in awakening the individual′s autonomous agency, while its philosophical significance resides in reconstructing the causal chain of " knowledge-action-outcome". This paper distills four essential characteristics of the theory: the philosophical clarity in casual attribution, the cultural continuity of unifying knowledge and action, the methodological revolution of shifting intervention points forward and the value restoration centered on self-discipline. These characteristics reveal its unique value as a guiding principle for health in the 21st-century. It is also a gift from Chinese doctors to people worldwide.

This paper systematically explores the fundamental differences and potential synergy between Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. TCM, centered on holism and syndrome differentiation, embodies a diagnostic philosophy characterized as the intangible " Dao", emphasizing the macroscopic grasp of functional states and relational imbalances. Conversely, Western Medicine, grounded in anatomy, physiology, and molecular biology, utilizes an empirical methodology focused on the " Qi", targeting the microscopic exploration of anatomical structures and specific pathogens. This article systematically examines the fundamental differences and potential complementarities between the two medical systems in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches across nine dimensions, namely foundational theories, clinical practice, technological advances, preventive medicine, pathological mechanisms, diagnostic techniques, treatment strategies, controversial issues, and future prospects. Using mental disorders (Shenzhi disease) as a case study, it provides an in-depth analysis of their respective theoretical and methodological strengths and limitations. The paper concludes that the true value of integrating Chinese and Western Medicine lies in " harmonizing Dao and Qi", that is, the deep integration of philosophical thinking and empirical technology, which provides a critical pathway for constructing a more comprehensive and inclusive future medical paradigm.

To investigate the clinical value of age stratification in the differential diagnosis and treatment of facial trauma scars in children.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 186 children with facial trauma who received standardized treatment at the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Children′s Hospital, between June 2024 and December 2025. The patients were stratified by age into a toddler group (1-3 years, n=92) and a school-age group (6-12 years, n=94). Independent-samples t tests or chi-square tests were used to compare scar width, Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores, complication rates, and scar-related subjective symptoms between the 2 groups at 3 months postoperatively. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors for scar width and VSS scores.

The postoperative scar width in the school-age group [(0.78±0.23)mm] was significantly lower to that in the toddler group[(0.92±0.28)mm](t=9.578, P< 0.01). Furthermore, the total VSS scores (3.02±1.03), scar thickness (0.82±0.36), and scar pliability (0.55±0.27) in the school-age group were significantly lower than those in the toddler group (3.56±1.08, 1.05±0.41, and 0.74±0.30, respectively) (t=3.218, 3.875, 4.012, all P< 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups regarding the incidence of postoperative complications (infection, suture reaction, and hypertrophic scarring) and scar-related subjective symptoms (pain, pruritus, and burning sensation) (χ²=1.258, 1.784, all P> 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that age (toddler period) (β=0.215, 95%CI: 0.054-0.376) and initial wound width (β=0.326, 95%CI: 0.147-0.505) were significant influencing factors for the further increase of scar width (t=2.622, 3.582, all P<0.01). Furthermore, age (toddler period) (β=0.198, 95%CI: 0.049-0.347) and inith wound length (β=0.287, 95%CI: 0.119-0.455) were significantly influencing factors for the elevation of VSS scores (t=2.605, 3.376, all P< 0.05).

There are age-related differences in the prognosis of facial traumatic scars in children. Individualized diagnosis and treatment based on age stratification are needed to improve the prognosis.

To explore the changes and clinical significance of bladder wall arterial blood flow velocity assessed by Doppler ultrasound in children with overactive bladder (OAB).

This retrospective study included 67 children with OAB and 44 healthy controls who underwent urinary tract examinations at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between April and July 2024. All participants underwent color Doppler ultrasound to measure the peak arterial blood flow velocity of the anterior bladder wall. Laboratory findings and bladder wall thickness were recorded, and bladder capacity was calculated. Intergroup differences were analyzed using the Student′s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test. The diagnostic performance of bladder wall arterial peak flow velocity for pediatric OAB was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Spearman′s correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between bladder wall arterial blood flow velocity and other clinical parameters.

The detection rate [97.01%(65/67)] and peak velocity [13.80(10.75, 19.70)cm/s] of bladder wall arterial blood flow in the OAB group were significantly higher than those in the control group [75.00%(33/44), 11.00(8.45, 17.20)cm/s]. Furthermore, serum total IgE levels in the OAB group [55.24(22.27, 156.00)μmol/L] were significantly higher than those in the control group [34.80(11.09, 52.05)μmol/L]. All these differences were statistically significant (χ²=12.450, Z=2.075, 2.036, all P<0.05). Overall, children in the OAB group exhibited bladder wall faster blood flow velocities, predominantly concentrated in the range of 10-20 cm/s, with some velocities exceeding 30 cm/s. The distribution of bladder wall arterial blood flow velocities showed a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (Z=-3.450, P< 0.01). The area under the ROC curve was 0.704 [95%CI(0.602-0.805), P< 0.01]. When the cutoff value was set at 9.70 cm/s, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 79.10% and 56.80%, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between serum total IgE levels and the peak velocity of bladder wall arteries in both the OAB and control groups (r=0.329, 0.637, all P< 0.05).

An increased peak velocity of bladder wall arterial blood flow may be associated with the onset of OAB in children. Ultrasound examination of bladder wall blood flow is non-invasive and convenient, and it holds significant clinical value in the auxiliary diagnosis of pediatric OAB.

To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and identify associated factors of cranial deformities among infants in the Yan′an region of northwestern China.

This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 1 406 infants undergoing cranial measurements at the Yan′an Branch of Peking University Third Hospital between September 2024 and August 2025. Participants were stratified by age into 3 groups (0-4, 5-8, and 9-12 months), and based on the measurement results, cranial deformities were classified into mild, moderate, and severe categories. Chi-square tests with Bonferroni correction evaluated differences in incidence rates and etiologies across groups. The Cochran-Armitage test analyzed linear trends with age, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test compared the overall distribution of deformity severity.

Among the 1 406 infants, 554 were aged 0-4 months, 470 were aged 5-8 months, and 382 were aged 9-12 months, of whom 812 presented with cranial deformities (345, 265, and 202 cases across the respective groups). The overall incidences of isolated plagiocephaly, isolated brachycephaly, combined plagiocephaly and brachycephaly, and scaphocephaly were 14.9% (210/1 406), 18.6% (262/1 406), 21.9% (309/1 406), and 2.2% (31/1406), respectively. The detection rate of isolated brachycephaly differed significantly among groups (χ²=10.070, P< 0.01) and showed a decreasing trend with increasing age (trend test: χ²=10.066, P<0.01). No significant differences were observed for plagiocephaly and scaphocephaly (χ²=1.707, 0.084, all P> 0.05). Among infants with cranial deformities, the 0-4 month group had significantly higher rates of prematurity [11.9%(41/345)], adverse perinatal factors [20.9%(72/345)], and congenital muscular torticollis [5.5%(19/345)] compared to the 5-8 month [5.3%(14/265), 6.4%(17/265), 0.4%(1/265)] and 9-12 month [6.4%(13/202), 9.4%(19/202), 0.5%(1/202)] groups. Conversely, the rate of fixed supine sleeping positioning was the lowest in the 0-4 month group [80.0%(276/345), 89.8%(238/265), 90.1%(182/202)] (χ²=9.828, 30.692, 20.323, 16.004, all P<0.01).

Combined plagiocephaly and brachycephaly is the most common infant cranial deformity, while isolated brachycephaly incidence shows a decreasing trend with increasing age. Prematurity, adverse perinatal factors, and congenital muscular torticollis are associated factors for early-onset (<4 months) deformities, highlighting the critical need for early screening and targeted interventions.

To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment course of a patient with lung malignancy complicated by severe pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci infection.

The clinical data of a patient with lung malignancy complicated by Chlamydia psittaci induced severe pneumonia, admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the General Hospital of Western Theater Command on December 3, 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. Relevant literature was also reviewed to summarize the clinical features and management strategies for severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.

A 60-year-old female patient presented with high fever, cough, and sputum production. After admission, she received non-invasive ventilation and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy with meropenem. However, her condition deteriorated rapidly, and her oxygen saturation remained difficult to maintain even after endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation. Subsequently, bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were performed under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of the BAL fluid identified Chlamydia psittaci as the causative pathogen. Targeted antimicrobial therapy with doxycycline, azithromycin, and levofloxacin was sequentially administered, leading to clinical improvement. Ultimately, the patient underwent thoracoscopic radical resection for lung cancer. Postoperative genetic testing of the specimen revealed a deletion variation on exon 19 of EGFR. Adjuvant therapy with icotinib was initiated, resulting in complete remission.

mNGS technology can effectively improve the detection rate of Chlamydia psittaci and prevent further clinical deterioration. For patients with severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia, early respiratory support combined with precise targeted antimicrobial therapy is crucial for improving patient prognosis.

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) significantly improves the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease. However, the long-term presence of permanent metallic stents may lead to adverse events, including late in-stent thrombosis, neoatherosclerosis, and impaired vasomotor function. Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) effectively relases the antiproliferative drugs to the vascular wall during balloon inflation. Since no permanent implant remains after balloon withdrawal, DCBs embody the " intervention without implantation" concept, and significantly reducing complications associated with long-term implant retention. Sirolimus-coated balloons (SCBs), as a next-generation of DCBs, exert both antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. In recent years, SCBs have been increasingly used for the treatment of in-stent restenosis, in situ small-vessel coronary lesions, and certain complex coronary lesions, with accumulating evidence suggesting favorable safety and efficacy. Intravascular imaging facilitates precise evaluation of reference vessel diameter, plaque morphology, calcification severity, and effect of lesion pretreatment, whereas coronary functional assessment helps determine the ischemic relevance of target lesions and evaluate post-operative hemodynamic improvement. The integrated application of intravascular imaging and functional assessment may facilitate more precise lesion screening, operational strategy formulation, and treatment response evaluation in SCB-based interventions. This review summarizes the mechanisms of action, technical characteristics, and clinical applications advancements of SCBs guided by intravascular imaging and functional assessment. Furthermore, it also discusses the limitations of current evidence and unresolved clinical issues, aiming to provide a reference for individualized interventional decision-making in coronary artery disease.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common inherited kidney disorder. Its core pathogenesis involves PKD1/PKD2 gene mutations leading to polycystin dysfunction, which subsequently results in cyst formation and kidney injury. Based on the 2025 KDIGO guidelines, renal ultrasound is the preferred screening modality, combined with the Mayo imaging classification (MIC) and predicting renal outcome in polycystic kidney disease (PROPKD) score for precise risk stratification. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is utilized for kidney volume analysis to monitor disease progression, complemented by genetic testing to identify pathogenic variants. Therapeutically, tolvaptan serves as the pivotal agent that can significantly delay cyst growth and kidney failure. This review systematically outlines the background and pathogenesis of ADPKD, with a focus in the latest standards for imaging and genetic diagnosis, as well as cutting-edge advances such as gene and cell therapies, aiming to provide a reference for the precise clinical diagnosis and management of ADPKD.

Owing to their insidious onset and atypical early symptoms, ureteral tumors are prone to missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for improving patient prognosis. Multimodal imaging techniques provide comprehensive diagnostic evidence through their complementary advantages. Among them, computed tomography urography (CTU) has become the core method for lesion detection and staging due to its high spatial resolution; multi-parametric magnetic resonance urography (MRU) has unique advantages in soft tissue evaluation; ultrasonography and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) play important roles in preliminary screening and metastatic lesion detection, respectively. AI-based radiomics enhances diagnostic accuracy and efficiency by extracting quantitative features from images and integrating machine learning algorithms to facilitate the differentiation of benign and malignant tumors, tumor grading and staging, as well as prognostic evaluation. This review summarizes the application status of multimodal imaging techniques and the technical progress of AI-based radiomics, analyzes the clinical value and existing challenges of their combined application, and provides a reference for the accurate diagnosis of ureteral tumors.

Osteoporosis(OP)is a chronic metabolic bone disease that has become increasingly prevalent due to the global aging population, imposing a significant burden on public health worldwide. Insulin resistance(IR), a major systemic metabolic abnormality, disrupts bone remodeling homeostasis and impairs bone quality, serving as a key pathophysiological mechanism for the onset and progression of OP. The triglyceride-glucose(TyG) index, an convenient alternative marker for IR, is increasingly utilized to evaluate bone health; however, its association with bone mineral density, bone turnover markers, and fracture risk remains controversial. Therefore, this review elucidates the relationship between the TyG index and bone health, aiming to provide a new perspective for risk assessment and early intervention of OP in clinical practice.

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant progress in the field of dermatological image analysis. Its diagnostic sensitivity and specificity have approached the high level of dermatologists, and it can effectively enhance the ability to differentiate dermatological conditions. AI-assisted teaching has also been proven to cultivate trainees′ communication skills, laying the foundation for the application of AI in dermatopathology teaching. Dermatopathology serves as a bridge connecting clinical practice and pathological diagnosis. Traditional dermatopathology teaching is mainly conducted through microscopic slide review teaching, instructor-led demonstrations, and case discussions. Therefore, there are issues such as uneven distribution of teaching resources, insufficient high-quality specimens, and a relatively passive learning process. For military academy students, the burden of rigorous training, uneven regional resources, and the disconnect between the curriculum and military career requirements have led to insufficient learning motivation, severely limiting the systematic cultivation of their dermatopathological diagnostic abilities. AI technology leverages whole slide imaging, convolutional neural networks, and multimodal models to achieve automated slide recognition and annotation, personalized learning pathway recommendations, and virtual reality-based immersive instruction. Specifically, in basic morphology teaching, it automatically marks and integrates multi-source information for case simulation training, providing adaptive tests and real-time feedback, and building lifelong learning platforms in continuing education to ensure that military academy students maitain access to premium resources throughout their professional lives. However, currently the application of AI technology in the fields of technology, educational practice, ethics, and law still faces many challenges, such as excessive reliance on AI, difficulties in identifying rare diseases, data privacy and security risks, etc. Future efforts should focus not only on technological advancement but also on pedagogical reform, positioning AI as a primary adjunct in clinical teaching and driving military dermatopathology education toward intelligent, personalized, and precision-based paradigms.