Trichotillomania(TTM), also known as hair pulling disorder or hair pulling syndrome, is characterized by the repeated and uncontrollable urge to pull one′s own hair which results in hair loss, causing significant functional impairment or psychological distress.Its diagnosis mainly relies on detailed medical history collection, skin examination, and auxiliary examinations.It should be distinguished from physical diseases (alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia, and hair loss caused by other medical reasons) and other mental illnesses(autism spectrum disorder, other obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, schizophrenia or other primary psychiatric disorders, etc.) that cause hair loss. The treatment of TTM includes medication therapy, psychological and behavioral therapy, physical therapy. However, some therapies are merely based on case reports. Multi-center, randomized controlled trials should be conducted to further validate efficacy, and provide a scientific basis for optimizing the treatment of TTM. This paper systematically reviews the conceptual changes and diagnostic classification, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, comorbidities and treatment of TTM, providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are circulatory system disorders caused by abnormal structures or functions of the heart or blood vessels, and imaging examinations are the core diagnostic methods for them. Traditional imaging techniques (such as echocardiography, angiography CT, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography) play a key role in the diagnosis of CVDs, but they are limited by resolution, invasiveness or functional assessment capabilities. The emerging intravascular ultrasound imaging and optical coherence tomography technologies, by integrating the advantages of acoustic and optical imaging, have enable visualization of deep vascular structures and the precise detection of plaque microlesions, significantly enhancing the early diagnosis and the efficiency of treatment guidance of CVDs. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven multimodal image fusion analysis has further broken through technical bottlenecks: by integrating multi-source data to build risk prediction models, it not only optimizes diagnostic accuracy but also achieves standardized and automated reporting, promoting the development of CVDs screening towards large-scale, high-precision, and high-efficiency directions. This article systematically reviews the research progress of traditional and AI-enabled imaging techniques in the diagnosis of CVDs, aiming to provide new ideas for clinical research and theoretical basis for the development of future precise diagnosis and treatment plans.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical syndrome characterized by respiratory failure and induced by diverse etiologies, with a complex pathogenesis and high mortality rate. Although conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are widely used in clinical practice, their efficacy remains constrained by various factors. In recent years, multi-omics technologies based on high-throughput sequencing have provided significant insights into the molecular mechanisms of ALI, as well as the identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in multi-omics technologies in ALI research and summarizes their advantages and prospects in elucidating disease mechanisms, facilitating early clinical diagnosis, and promoting targeted therapy. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for future basic and translational research on ALI.

Eukaryotic cells rely on the DNA damage response (DDR) to monitor and repair DNA damage, thereby maintaining genomic stability. When DDR-related genes are mutated or dysfunctional, this balance is disrupted, promoting tumourigenesis, progression and resistance to therapy. Recent work, including large-scale genetic and molecular analyses, have identified RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) as major players in maintaining genome stability. RBPs regulate the expression of many critical proteins at the post-transcriptional level and are directly involved in DNA repair. Therefore, this review outlines how RBPs dynamically regulate the DDR pathway through post-transcriptional regulation, non-coding RNA interactions, clarifies the functions of key RBPs in DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoints and apoptosis, and summarizes how RBPs can contribute to radiotherapy resistance and chemoresistance by enhancing repair efficiency or inhibiting apoptosis. This provides new targets for overcoming cancer therapeutic resistance, promotes precision treatment strategies based on RBPs functional heterogeneity, and facilitates the clinical translation of novel RNA-based therapeutics.

Arterial calcification is a pathological process in which calcium salts abnormally deposit in the arterial wall. It can be classified into intimal calcification and medial calcification based on the lesion location. Among them, arterial medial calcification is common in patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and the elderly, and is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in this process has attracted increasing attention. Mitochondria not only provide energy for cells but also participate in regulating oxidative stress and apoptosis. Their dysfunction can promote the transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells into an osteoblast-like phenotype and accelerate calcium salt deposition. The author mainly reviews the basic and clinical research progress of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of arterial middle calcification in recent years, in order to further provide new ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of arterial calcification.

To investigate the detection status of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and its impact on maternal and neonatal adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) among pregnant women in Tacheng prefecture, an underdeveloped region of Xinjiang.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1, 534 pregnant women with complete registration records from 4 county-or city-level institutions affiliated with the Tacheng Prefecture Maternal and Child Health Care and Family Planning Service Center between March 2022 and August 2024. The chi-square test was used to compare the differences in the detection rates of maternal and neonatal APO between the HDP and non-HDP groups, and Logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the relationship between HDP and maternal or neonatal APO.

HDP was detected in 117 cases (7.63%). Compared with the non-HDP group, the incidence of APO in the HDP group [37.61%(44/117), 17.71%(251/1 417)] was higher, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=27.536, P<0.01). The main complications included preterm birth [18.80%(22/117), 6.63%(94/1 417)] and low birth weight [14.53%(17/117), 4.38%(62/1 417)], the differences were statistically significant (χ²=22.898, 22.814, all P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of APO between the two groups of mothers [13.68%(16/117), 11.93%(169/1 417)]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for the pregnant woman′s age, ethnicity, body mass index, parity, and the number of singleton or twin pregnancies, HDP was an independent risk factor for perinatal APO [OR=2.263(95%CI: 1.497-3.420), P<0.001], preterm birth [OR=2.598(95%CI: 1.522-4.434), P=<0.001], and low birth weight [OR=3.061(95%CI: 1.663-5.636), P<0.001].

The detection rate of HDP among pregnant women in the Tacheng prefecture of Xinjiang is 7.63%, and HDP is associated with perinatal APO, including preterm birth and low birth weight.

To investigate the correlation between retinal vein obstruction (RVO) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene polymorphisms.

A case-control study was conducted, enrolling 165 patients with RVO (RVO group) admitted to Xuzhou No.1 People′s Hospital from September 2021 to September 2024, and 165 age-and gender-matched patients without retinal diseases (non-RVO group) hospitalized during the same period. ApoE and MTHFR C677T loci polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction and fragment length polymorphism, and the chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test was used to compare genotype and allele frequencies between the 2 groups. The relationship between these polymorphisms and RVO susceptibility was analyzed by binary Logistic regression model.

The frequency of ApoE ε4 allele in RVO group was significantly higher than that in non-RVO group (7.27%, 3.64%, χ²=4.231, P<0.05). The TT genotype frequency of MTHFR C677T locus was significantly higher in RVO group than that in non-RVO group (33.33%, 15.15%, χ²=14.850, P<0.05), and the T allele frequency in RVO group was significantly higher than that in non-RVO group (56.97%, 43.33%, χ²=12.273, P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the ε4 allele of ApoE (OR=2.221, 95%CI: 1.051-4.696) and the T allele of MTHFR C677T (OR=1.822, 95%CI: 1.353-2.454) were associated with RVO susceptibility after adjusting hypertension, diabetes mellitus and other factors (all P<0.05).

RVO is associated with polymorphisms of ApoE and MTHFR C677T gene, and the ε4 allele of ApoE and the T allele of MTHFR C677T locus can increase the risk of RVO.

To evaluate the clinical value of the modified buried vertical mattress suture (MBVMS) in improving wound healing quality and reducing scar formation in pediatric facial trauma.

A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted, involving 90 children with linear facial trauma admitted between January 2025 and March 2025. Participants were randomly divided into a control group (n=45) and an experimental group (n=45). The control group received simple buried intradermal sutures (SBIS), while the experimental group received MBVMS. Immediate postoperative wound eversion height and complication rates were compared between the 2 groups. At 3 months postoperatively, scar quality was assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), scar width was measured with a digital vernier caliper, and family satisfaction was evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

The experimental group [(2.55±0.76)mm] showed significantly better immediate postoperative wound eversion height compared to the control group[(1.71±0.36)mm](t=6.66, P<0.01). At 3 months postoperatively, the experimental group had lower VSS scores [(3.15±1.16), (3.82±1.09), t=-2.82, P<0.01)], narrower scar width [(0.80±0.31)mm, (1.00±0.21)mm, t=-3.75, P<0.01], and higher family satisfaction VAS scores [(8.58±1.06), (7.84±0.82), t=3.67, P<0.01].

MBVMS is more effectively in maintaining wound eversion, reducing dermal tension, inhibiting postoperative scar hypertrophy in pediatric facial trauma patients, and increasing satisfaction among patients′ families.

To explore the diagnostic characteristics of uterine submucosal adenomyoma (SA).

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, imaging, laboratory, and pathological data of a single patient with SA, who was admitted to the Department of Gynecology, South China Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University on February 13, 2025. The diagnostic characteristics of SA were summarized.

This patient was a 29-year-old female with abnormal menstrual bleeding since 2022, without any obvious cause. Menstrual cycles were regular, but flow varied from spotting to episodes over threefold her usual volume, with clots. She didn′t have significant dizziness, fatigue, fever, headache, blurred vision or other discomforts. The ultrasound (US) showed progressive endometrial thickening: 38 mm in 2022, increasing to 68 mm.The endometrium was heterogeneously hyperechoic with multiple irregular cystic components. The enhanced MRI showed abnormal signals in the uterine cavity, suggesting a benign lesion; endometrial hyperplasia with hemorrhage and necrosis was considered. The carbohydrate antigen 125 level mildly elevated (39.8 U/mL), and the human epididymis protein 4 level significantly elevated (98.4 pmol/L). In 2024, histopathology of 2 hysteroscopic biopsies both suggested the possibility of endometrial hyperplasia. In February 2025, the third hysteroscopic resection of uterine lesions and percutaneous uterine biopsy under US guidance suggested the possibility of SA lesion.

Suspicion for SA should be raised in cases of abnormal menstruation flow with progressive endometrial thickening and cystic components. Combining MRI assessment with targeted biopsy can improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy.

To explore the causes of misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses of a case of partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (PAPVD) combined with atrial septal defect (ASD), in order to enhance the clinical awareness of the diagnosis of disease.

The clinical data, imaging findings, and surgical procedure of a patient with PAPVD and ASD, admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery at the Air Force Medical Center on July 28, 2025, were retrospectively reviewed. The literature was also consulted to identify key factors leading to diagnostic errors.

The patient was initially misdiagnosed as patent foramen ovale in another hospital. Although echocardiography at our institution correctly identified ASD, it failed to detect PAPVD. CT imaging mistakenly reported a persistent left superior vena cava. During ASD closure, an abnormal venous channel was discovered. Subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction of pulmonary artery computed tomography angiography confirmed anomalous drainage of the left superior pulmonary vein into the innominate vein. Postoperative supraclavicular ultrasound revealed the persistence of the abnormal drainage pathway.

PAPVD is prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, and is particularly likely to be overlooked when concomitant with ASD. Supraclavicular fossa echocardiographic views, combined with computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction, can improve diagnostic accuracy. Surgical strategy should be tailored based on multimodality imaging findings and patient-specific anatomic characteristics.

To explore the CT imaging findings of strangulated intestinal obstruction caused by uterine broad ligament hernia.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the CT and surgical data of a patient with uterine broad ligament hernia combined with strangulation intestinal obstruction admitted to the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of Jining NO.1 People′s Hospital on December 23, 2022, and the relevant literature was reviewed.

A 69-year-old female patient presented with abdominal pain for 1 day. The pain was persistent with intermittent exacerbations, accompanied by abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting of non-bloody gastric contents, and cessation of flatus and defecation. Plain abdominal CT scan revealed clustered small bowel loops in the lower abdomen. The hernia orifice was located anterior-superior to the left round ligament of the uterus. Distal ileal herniated into the uterus from the left posteriorly to the front and downward. The herniated bowel loop at the hernia orifice exhibited a beak sign, and the adjacent bladder was stretched into a linear shape. Coronal images showed rigid, C-shaped herniated bowel loops with slightly thickened walls, associated mesenteric edema, and brush-like venous dilation, suggesting internal hernia with intestinal obstruction. Surgical intervention confirmed the diagnosis of broad ligament hernia.

Preoperative diagnosis of strangulated intestinal obstruction caused by internal abdominal hernia is challenging. Multi-row spiral computed tomography provides significant diagnostic clues for uterine broad ligament hernia complicated by intestinal obstruction and intestinal ischemia.

Against the backdrop of digital technology deeply permeating into the daily lives of adolescents, the issue of internet addiction among Chinese adolescents has evolved from individual behavioral abnormalities into a public health challenge that affects social stability. The continuous growth of school dropouts, family conflicts, and extreme incidents triggered by internet addiction has compelled academia and policymakers to construct a scientific and effective prevention and control system through the paradigm transformation of diagnostic criteria. By systematically reviewing the " three-stage evolution" path of diagnostic criteria for internet addiction among Chinese adolescents, from " behavioral description" to " functional assessment" and then to " clinical operation" , this study not only reveals the inherent laws underlying the transition from empirical exploration to scientific construction of these criteria, but also provides historical lessons for addressing core challenges such as technological adaptability and cultural compatibility in current diagnostic practices for internet addiction among Chinese adolescents. Ultimately, it lays a solid theoretical and practical foundation for building a " dynamic, precise, and culturally adapted" diagnostic criteria system.

At present, traditional interventional ultrasound teaching has problems such as dull content, insufficient practical opportunities, and a shortage of teachers, resulting in poor teaching effectiveness. To break through these teaching bottlenecks, this study proposes an innovative teaching model: an interventional ultrasound teaching system that integrates simulation technology with a picture archiving and communication system. This model provides immersive practical experiences for trainees by building a highly realistic clinical environment, effectively enhancing operational skills, clinical thinking, and learning outcomes. This paper systematically analyzes the limitations of traditional teaching, explores the technical characteristics and teaching value of this new model, and elaborates on its significance in promoting the reform of interventional ultrasound teaching, with the aim of providing a reference for optimizing the training of medical imaging talents.