To explore Trousseau′s syndrome′s clinical diagnostic features.

The clinical data of a patient with Trousseau′s syndrome admitted to the Neurology Department of Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University on May 4, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical characteristics were explored based on the literatures.

The 80-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital for 2 days due to a speech disorder. She was undergoing targeted drug therapy and had suffered from pulmonary malignancy for the past 2 years. Upon admittance, a physical examination revealed that she was aphasic. Her blood was highly coagulable, as evidenced by the significant increase in the value of D-dimer after the coagulation function test. Her bilateral cerebellum and cerebral hemisphere both displayed dispersed acute ischemic focus, according to a brain MRI. The right upper lung had a tumor, according to the lung CT. We had reasons to believing Trousseau′s syndrome was the cause. Due to her dermatorrhagia and bleeding gums, we had forced to stop the anticoagulant therapy after the treatment that combined anticoagulation and stimulating the circulation. The patient′s family refused further therapy and consented for discharge as soon as the patient begun to have hazy memories and an eating disorder.

Patients with cerebral infarction involving multiple vascular territories and significantly elevated D-dimer at the same time should be evaluated for Trousseau′s syndrome.