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Chinese Journal of Diagnostics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04): 255-259. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-655X.2025.04.007

• Ultrasonic Diagnosis • Previous Articles    

Ultrasonographic features and diagnostic pitfalls of neonatal intestinal malrotation with midgut volvulus

Zhenshuo Li1, Xiaohong Zhang2, Xiaomeng Zhang1, Hongshuang Sun2, Lin Su3, Kun Liu2,()   

  1. 1Jining Medical University, Jining 272002, China
    2Department of Ultrasound, the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, China
    3Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, China
  • Received:2025-09-26 Online:2025-11-26 Published:2025-12-25
  • Contact: Kun Liu

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the ultrasonic characteristics and diagnostic pitfalls of neonatal intestinal malrotation with midgut volvulus.

Methods

Fourteen cases of neonatal intestinal malrotation with midgut volvulus admitted to the Department of Pediatric Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2020 to November 2024 and confirmed by surgery were retrospectively included. The ultrasound images were analyzed to summarize the diagnostic features and analyze the causes of missed and misdiagnosed cases.

Results

Among the 14 cases, 9 cases were diagnosed clearly and 5 cases were missed or misdiagnosed. In the ultrasound examinations of 5 misdiagnosed or missed cases, the direct signs of neonatal intestinal malrotation with midgut volvulus were: 0 cases of " vortex sign" , 3 cases of " coffee bean sign" , and 1 case of " cut sign" . Indirect signs: 2 cases of pyloric spasm, 3 cases of intestinal wall thickens, 2 cases of intestinal dilation, 2 cases of complex peritoneal effusion, and 1 case of severe flatulence.

Conclusions

Ultrasonography plays an important role in the diagnosis of neonatal intestinal malrotation with midgut volvulus. Typical direct signs are crucial for diagnosis, while indirect signs provide additional diagnostic clues. Improved recognition of these sonographic features can help reduce missed and misdiagnosed cases.

Key words: Malrotation of intestine, Infant, newborn, Intestinal volvulus, Ultrasonography, Vomiting

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