To investigate the application of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy in diagnosis of pulmonary diseases and analyze the complications of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.

The retrospective study reviewed data of 298 patients who were hospitalized in the General Hospital of Western Theater Command and underwent CT-guided percutaneous biopsy of lung lesions from January 2015 to December 2017. The success rate of puncture, the incidence of complications and the results of pathological diagnosis were statistically analyzed, and the correlation between the clinical data and lesion characteristics and postoperative complications were analyzed.

Punctures in 295 patients were successful and the success rate was 98.99% (295/298), and the diagnoses of 252 cases were confirmed with a diagnosis rate of 84.56% (252/298). Furthermore, complications occurred in 71 patients, mainly manifested as pneumothorax and hemoptysis, and the incidence rate was 23.83%(71/298), including 33 cases of pneumothorax (11.07%, 33/298) and 31 cases of hemoptysis (10.40%, 31/298). Unfortunately, 1 patient died of massive hemoptysis with a mortality rate of 0.34% (1/298). Factors related to pneumothorax and hemoptysis were also analyzed. There were no significant difference in the rate of pneumothorax and hemoptysis among patients with different gender (χ²=2.18, 1.86; all P>0.05), age (χ²=0.53, 2.36, all P>0.05), body mass index (BMI) (χ²=0.02, 0.00, all P>0.05), smoking history (χ²=0.05, 2.98, all P>0.05) and underlying diseases (χ²=0.26, 0.01, all P>0.05). However, higher incidence of pneumothorax and hemoptysis were found in the patients with smaller lesions (χ²=10.61, 7.63, P<0.05) or greater distance (χ²=25.58, 7.20, P<0.05) between lesions and the chest wall.

CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy possesses high success rate and diagnosis rate, and the complications are mainly pneumothorax and hemoptysis which mainly related to the diameter of the lesion and the distance between the lesion and the chest wall.