To explore the influencing factors of severity and outcome in patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

A total of 252 cases of COVID-19 patients admitted to the Isolation Ward of the COVID-19 Designated Hospital in Hongan County around Wuhan from January 25, 2020 to March 7, 2020 were selected as study subjects. The clinical characteristics and epidemic history were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Pearson correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of the severity and outcome of COVID-19. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to analyze the prediction of influencing factors on the severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients.

The age of onset of COVID-19 patients was significantly correlated with the severity and outcome of the disease (r=0.420, 0.226, all P<0.01), but there were no significant correlation between hospitalization days, contact history, sex and the severity (r=0.032, 0.045, 0.087) or outcome (r=0.067, 0.092, 0.124) of the disease (all P>0.05). The fatality rate in patients over 70 years old (4/18, 22.22%) was significantly higher than that in the patients under 70 years old (3/234, 1.28%)(P<0.01), while the average age in the mild group [(46.50±14.26)years] was significantly lower than that in the severe group [(62.95±14.64)years](t=4.70, P<0.01). The age of onset was one of the risk factors affecting the severity (OR=1.624) and outcome (2.179) of the patients (all P<0.01), and could predict the severity and outcome of the patients(AUC=0.785, 0.896, all P<0.01).

The age of onset is one of the risk factors for the severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients, and it can predict the severity and outcome of COVID-19. The elderly population should be protected in the process of prevention, control and treatment.