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Chinese Journal of Diagnostics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04): 217-224. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-655X.2025.04.001

• Topical Review •    

The enduring value of inspection in clinical diagnosis

Judong Yang1, Min Du2, Zhiyin Yang3,(), Qiuyu Zhang4, Yabo Zhao5, Feng Qiu6, Chuanbao Li6, Zhonghua Tian7, Daxin Sun8, Cheng Wang9   

  1. 1College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
    2Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, China
    5Department of Ultrasound, the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, China
    6Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, China
    7Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, China
    3Institute of Diagnostic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
    4Department of Clinical Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
    8Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
    9Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2025-11-17 Online:2025-11-26 Published:2025-12-25
  • Contact: Zhiyin Yang

Abstract:

Inspection constitutes an ancient and fundamental diagnostic method in medicine, its scientific value rooted in a highly complex, evidence-based cognitive system. It is not mere observation; beneath its superficial appearance, there is profound philosophical reflection and artistic insight. It serves as the starting point of clinical reasoning and an irreplaceable source of wisdom. Its artistry transcends quantifiable techniques, relying on experience and intuition to enable practitioners to empathically comprehend patients′ suffering. Its philosophical dimension instructs clinicians to approach life′s complexities with humility. In this era of rapid advancement in modern medical technology, the challenge lies in adeptly integrating inspection into clinical practice. By organically combining technical proficiency with the art of observation, it evolves into a diagnostic practice that is both scientific and humanistic. Practitioners must remain acutely aware that the most crucial diagnostic tools remain the trained eye, the contemplative mind, and the empathetic heart, which constitute the enduring value of medicine.

Key words: Inspection, Scientific value, Artistry and philosophy

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