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中华诊断学电子杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 04 ›› Issue (01) : 36 -40. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-655X.2016.01.011

所属专题: 文献

爆炸冲击伤诊治研究

2000年至2015年国内174起爆炸事故冲击伤诊治分析
杨策1, 蒋建新1,(), 杜娟1, 王海燕1, 高洁1, 柳占立2, 庄茁2, 王正国1   
  1. 1. 400042 重庆,第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所 创伤烧伤与复合伤国家重点实验室
    2. 100084 北京,清华大学航天航空学院
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-16 出版日期:2016-02-26
  • 通信作者: 蒋建新
  • 基金资助:
    全军"十二五"重大项目(AWS11J008,AWS14C003); 国家"973"课题(2012CB518102)

Analysis of the current situation of diagnosis and therapy in Chinese severe explosion accidents over the past 15 years

Ce Yang1, Jianxin Jiang1,(), Juan Du1, Haiyan Wang1, Jie Gao1, Zhanli Liu2, Zhuo Zhuang2, Zhengguo Wang1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
    2. School of Aerospace, Tsing hua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2015-12-16 Published:2016-02-26
  • Corresponding author: Jianxin Jiang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Jiang Jianxin, Email:
引用本文:

杨策, 蒋建新, 杜娟, 王海燕, 高洁, 柳占立, 庄茁, 王正国. 2000年至2015年国内174起爆炸事故冲击伤诊治分析[J]. 中华诊断学电子杂志, 2016, 04(01): 36-40.

Ce Yang, Jianxin Jiang, Juan Du, Haiyan Wang, Jie Gao, Zhanli Liu, Zhuo Zhuang, Zhengguo Wang. Analysis of the current situation of diagnosis and therapy in Chinese severe explosion accidents over the past 15 years[J]. Chinese Journal of Diagnostics(Electronic Edition), 2016, 04(01): 36-40.

目的

分析国内近十五年爆炸事故冲击伤流行病学特点及其变迁规律。

方法

回顾性调查国内2000年1月1日至2015年10月1日近15年174起爆炸事件的发生原因、致伤规律以及伤亡特点,探究基于爆炸冲击伤防、诊、治的防御爆炸、减轻损伤、康复身心的一体化策略。

结果

爆炸事件覆盖中国30个省、市、自治区。爆炸物成份复杂,类别多样,主要有化学品、粉尘、手机、燃气、临时爆炸装置、瓦斯、烟花爆竹、油料、锅炉以及其他少见爆炸物等,其中化学品、粉尘和手机位居爆炸原因的前3位。174起爆炸事件中,累积伤亡人数7 062人,受伤人数4 313人,死亡人数2 749人。平均每起爆炸事件伤亡数为:受伤数24.79人/起,死亡数15.80人/起,伤亡数40.59人/起。化学品(33起,79%)、粉尘(21起,78%)和燃气(20起,91%)爆炸位居暴露人员发生受伤事故数的前3位。化学品、粉尘和瓦斯爆炸伤亡人数位居前3位(2 714人/7 062人,1 268人/7 062人和1 215人/7 062人),对应平均每起伤亡人数分别为67.00人、46.96人和93.46人,对应伤亡率分别为88%,81%和100%。

结论

针对国内爆炸冲击伤的流行病学特点,需要针对新情况按照个体化诊治思路,形成爆炸冲击伤专家共识,建立符合国情的爆炸冲击伤救治流程,多学科整合形成应急救治小组,并基于个体化救治需求拓展诊治新设备和新措施。

Objectives

To investigate the epidemiological characteristic of explosion accidents as well as the possible measures for their diagnosis and treatment.

Methods

We retrospectively investigated the accidents reasons, injury regularity and casualty characteristic of 174 explosion accidents in China from January 1, 2000 to October 1, 2015.The integrated strategy of explosion prevention, injury relief and psychosomatic rehabilitation were also been analyzed from the view of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of explosive blast injury.

Results

The explosion accidents happened in 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China.The explosive elements were complicated and diversified, mainly including chemicals, dust, cell phones, burning air, improvised explosive devices, gas, fireworks, petroleum, boilers and other rare explosive goods.Among them, explosions of chemicals, dust and cell phones constituted the first three major reasons.In these 174 accidents, the total number of casualty reached 7062.The numbers of injured and died were 4313 and 2749 respectively.The average numbers of casualty per accident were 24.79 (injured), 15.80 (died), 40.59 (casualty). The numbers of accidents located the first three major types were 33 (79%) for chemical, 21 (78%) for dust and 20 (91%) for burning air in injured people exposed to explosion accidents.The casualty of chemical (2 714/7 062), dust (1 268/7 062) and gas (1 215/7 062) explosions located the first top three types.Correspondingly, the numbers of casualty per accident were 67.00, 46.96 and 93.46 respectively, while the casualty ratios were 88%, 81% and 100%.

Conclusions

Given the epidemiological characteristics of explosive blast injury in China, we need to form the expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of explosive blast injury in view of an individualized idea.The efficient remedy flowsheet and emergency team via multiple subjects′ integration are also in great need.Concurrently, the new equipment and measures of diagnosis as well as treatment concerning the individualized remedy should also be considered.

图1 174起爆炸事件的地域分布图
表1 174起爆炸冲击伤亡事件发生时间和地域分布
表2 174起爆炸事件等级分布
表3 174起爆炸事故种类分析
表4 不同类别爆炸物伤亡人数比较
表5 174起爆炸事故伤亡人数分布
表6 174起不同爆炸物伤亡事故数分析
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