To investigate the characteristics of prenatal ultrasound in diagnosis of double inferior vena cava and right duplex kidney in fetus.

The prenatal ultrasonographic data of a fetus with double inferior vena cava and right duplex kidney who was diagnosed by the Ultrasound Department of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital on August 5, 2019 was analyzed retrospectively, and the relevant literatures were reviewed.

Fetal ultrasound examination showed that two renal pelvis and two groups of renal veins were found in the right kidney. The coronal section image of the abdomen showed that the inferior vena cava crossed the abdominal to the left at the renal level, with one vena cava parallel to the abdominal aorta to the left and one vena cava parallel to the right at the renal level. The inner diameter of the double inferior vena cava was basically consistent. Color Doppler ultrasound showed the flow of the double inferior vena cava in the opposite direction to that of the abdominal aorta and recorded the venous spectrum.

To grasp the embryological basis of the double inferior vena cava and the characteristics of ultrasonography is of great guiding value for improving the detection rate of prenatal ultrasound.